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Travis Prinzi




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Travis Prinzi's New Book: Harry Potter & Imaginati...
Hogwarts's Ghosts
Fear and Hope
Time trumps Space
Rowling and Tom Waits
Pirates of the Bronx: At Semester's End
Harry Potter and the Gift of Death
Death Within and Without: Being Towards Death
Interesting Intersections
Eeyore Moving On


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Hogwarts, Hogwarts,
Hoggy Warty Hogwarts,
Teach us something please,
Whether we be old and bald,
Or young with scabby knees,
Our heads could do with filling,
With some interesting stuff,
For now they're bare
And full of air,
Dead flies and bits of fluff.
So teach us stuff worth knowing,
Bring back what we forgot,
Just do your best
We'll do the rest,
And learn until our brains all rot!



1: The heavens declare the glory of God; and the firmament sheweth his handywork.
2: Day unto day uttereth speech, and night unto night sheweth knowledge.
3: There is no speech nor language, where their voice is not heard.
4: Their line is gone out through all the earth, and their words to the end of the world. In them hath he set a tabernacle for the sun,
5: Which is as a bridegroom coming out of his chamber, and rejoiceth as a strong man to run a race.
6: His going forth is from the end of the heaven, and his circuit unto the ends of it: and there is nothing hid from the heat thereof.
7: The law of the LORD is perfect, converting the soul: the testimony of the LORD is sure, making wise the simple.
8: The statutes of the LORD are right, rejoicing the heart: the commandment of the LORD is pure, enlightening the eyes.
9: The fear of the LORD is clean, enduring for ever: the judgments of the LORD are true and righteous altogether.
10: More to be desired are they than gold, yea, than much fine gold: sweeter also than honey and the honeycomb.
11: Moreover by them is thy servant warned: and in keeping of them there is great reward.
12: Who can understand his errors? cleanse thou me from secret faults.
13: Keep back thy servant also from presumptuous sins; let them not have dominion over me: then shall I be upright, and I shall be innocent from the great transgression.
14: Let the words of my mouth, and the meditation of my heart, be acceptable in thy sight, O LORD, my strength, and my redeemer.

Thursday, November 13, 2008

Travis Prinzi's New Book: Harry Potter & Imagination: The Way Between Two Worlds

So, what does someone do if he/she likes Muggle Matters but are a little bit sad that the frequency of writing seems to be about once every six months at best?

I suggest buying Travis Prinzi's new book, Harry Potter & Imagination: The Way Between Two Worlds. You can pre-order it here, and I just did. Travis is as smart as he is a dedicated Harry Potter fan and blogger, so I am sure the book is going to ROCK.

Another thing: I notice that the colors of the book cover go very well with the color scheme here at Muggle Matters. But I'm sure that is 100% coincidental....

Or is it??

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posted by Pauli at 1:12 PM
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Hogwarts's Ghosts

This summer while our family was on vacation in Maine, I received this email from a wise Catholic friend concerned about some of the themes in Harry Potter.

I have a question. We read Sorcerer's Stone as a family we are half way through Chamber of Secrets as a family. I see that there is good, but it is hard to get around some of the dark stuff. Like last night we attended a Deathday Party. It seemed a bit creepy for creepy's sake. I am still pro-Potter but how do I get a Christian message out of it?

That's a really good question. The following was my initial response:

Note that the ghosts are Wizards who refused to move on from this earth. Later in the series they are described as "imprints". Their entire existence as it remains is suffused with vanity in all senses of the word: note Nick's desire to be a real "decapitee" and the vain attempt to derive pleasure from rotten food without a physical body. The headless hunt is nothing more than a moribund fraternity of wannabes and braggarts at having their heads lopped off. Some achievement.

Also there is undue attachment to the things of this earth, e.g., the Fat Friar is a good enough fellow, but he's fat, symbolizing an attachment to food. The ghosts play a bigger role later in the books. Ron is always shown as being "impolite" whenever he mentions the fact that Nick is dead. But he's correct in this bluntness and candor! Nick is the one who is rudely invading the world of the living.

Harry condescends to Nick's level out of respect for him and attends the party, but doesn't really enjoy it beyond an amused bewilderment. In book 5, Nick tells Harry, "I am neither here nor there," admitting that he probably made a mistake in his vain attachment.

I agree with you that it is creepy, but the question is why so. The creepiness is due to the moribund vanity of en-souled creatures who refuse to move on to the next life. I believe this can be one way of seeing the ghosts at Hogwarts.

I had meant to post on this earlier; I just thought of the email again today in reference to an idea Merlin mentioned to me once. He stated that the Potter series has an existential dimension, i.e., how the good characters become good as a result of their actions, and likewise for evil characters and those somewhere in between, that is not found so much in other mythopoeic literature (e.g., Lord of the Rings, etc.). The ghosts seem to be living out the essence of their decision to remain on this plane of existence although it is no longer their proper mode of existence.

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posted by Pauli at 12:29 PM
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Tuesday, April 22, 2008

Fear and Hope

First, let me make the obligatory sponsor notice: this random Merlin thought is being brought to you by a reading of a chapter from a book one of my professor's is working on the apocalyptic book "4th Ezra" ... for a class with her tomorrow (and thus it is also being brought to you by my persistent procrastination).

Anyway, In 4 Ezra 10:38 the angel Uriel says to Ezra "Listen to me, and I will teach you about the things that you fear"

Of course, as mentioned in my last post, on my last trip to PA I listened to Prisoner of Azkaban, and so the theme of fear was running through my head anyway, in conjuction with the material from that book

(side note: to fans of the Dune series by Frank Herbert, to which Pauli introduced me the year I began a 3 year break from undergrad - I recently put back up on my wall the "fear mantra:

"Fear is the mind killer
Fear is the little death that brings total obliteration
I will face my fear
I will permit it to pass over and through me
And when it has gone past me
I will turn to see fear's path
Where the fear has gone, there will be nothing
Only I will remain")

In his conversations and lessons with Harry, Lupin could well speak those same words that Uriel the angel speaks to Ezra "listen to me, and I will teach you, and tell you about the thing that you fear." For example: your boggart is a dementor and this, as a good thing, means that the thing you fear most is fear itself (I would call this a little of an inaccurate phrasing though - if what you fear most is fear itself then you are a Greek stoic - I think what he means is that fear is your biggest concern, including the fear of fear - the point is not to eradicate fear but to work towards not letting fear dominate and control you, again, including the fear of fear itself).

But this post is not going to be a big long rambling free-association post as per my usual. What I wanted to put up is one small observation from book 3 on the level of structure. I think there is an intentional pairing of the boggart and the patronus, and I think this primarily based in the concrete language of the text.

I think the thought process on this started a while ago when somebody said something about Hermione's boggart and I went back and checked the scene in the first class with the boggart in the wardrobe and thought "that must person must be off their rocker ... Hermione doesn't face the boggart." Fortunately I did not say such a rude thing ... because I was flat-out wrong. In listening to the book again I saw that Hermione faces the boggart in a wardrobe as part of Lupin's DADA final exam ... and there it is indeed (as whoever had been commenting said ... and as Ron conjectured earlier in the book) McGonnegal tearing up her work with failing grades.

The specific connection that pairs the boggart and patronus (fear and hope) in opposition to, but also, in the self-same relation, in intimate connection with, each other is the possessive pronoun "your" ("your boggart/patronus") or the possessive "so and so's boggart/patronus." I had not really noticed it before, but the boggart and the patronus are spoken of in exactly the same way in the books (and I do mean plural "bookS" - of course patronuses [actually good Latin would be "patroni" ... but whatever] are mentioned all the way through all the following books, but the boggart is specifically used again in book 5 with Mrs Weasely's boggart ... that was a really gripping scene too; Rowling is SO good at writing pathos that just sort of steals your breath in a quick punch).

I think the significance of the pairing is that both things call on and project something, in the one case our greatest fear, and in the other our greatest hope. To return to that thing of not being dominated by fear, even the fear of fear itself ... hope is not hope without a fear to hope against.

Anyway, just another random thought from the brain-pan of Merlin as he bounces back and forth between procrastination and feigned diligent study.

See you in the funny pages ...
posted by merlin at 9:10 PM
1 comments


Wednesday, April 09, 2008

Time trumps Space

So, I am right now finishing listening to Prisoner of Azkaban read by Jim Dale, having listened to the majority of it while driving back to PA this past weekend (for the baptisms of our friends Nathan and Julie's newest child and also of another couple friends' newborn ... and a relaxing time hanging out with Paul and Lissa and my nephews, who were also at the baptism) ... and I noticed something that fits into my own thinking on the Harry Potter works, particularly in the area of my definition of narrative (as a kairotic chronology)



Basically this relates to that good ole term you hear a million times in every Sci-Fi movie or book: the "space-time continuum."



Once Harry and Hermione have saved Buckbeak and Sirius and made it back to the hospital wing and Fudge and Snape et al have discovered the escapes and Snape vehemently insists that Harry and Hermione must have been involved, Dumbledore patiently but emphatically and thoroughly rehearses the facts (the locked door etc) that dictate that they could not have been in involved ... unless they have found a way to be in two places at the same time. Of course we know that they have indeed been provided with a way to do just that, with the time-turner.

My interest lies in the fact that the "rules" of physical space can be "bent" by manipulating chronos, "clock time" - which in this case is done for the sake of kairos, the mystery laden time of special meaning (that "moment" when "time stands still" for something weighty, or to quote Marty McFly in Back to the Future, something "heavy" or in the translation used in Galations, the "fullness of time" - or to quote Paul Simon from the Rhythm of the Saints album: "you're born at the 'right time'") - in this case that of deliverance of the innocent and good.

(side note): I know that that phrase "heavy" is in no way unique or original to BttF movies ... I use that instance because, aside from my obsession with throwing in movie lines every chance I get, Doc Brown here responds with the typical scientific question of whether something has gone wrong with the earth's gravitational pull in the future - which points up the contrast between scientific "factual" discourse and poetic language, which is pretty much the same differance as that between chronos and kairos)

SO, this leads me to a sort of hierarchy of elements: Kairos highest, Chronos second and space last. There are two steps/point I want to emphasize

1. Chronos is maleable:

That is basically just what the time turner is for, to mess with Chronos. Of course, there is a certain respect due to Chronos, lest one go accidentally committing suicide (killing one's past or future self, as Hermione says). Of course there are a myriad of possible "symbolic" nuances in that whole thing, of how the past and the future are at war, or at least in tension etc. But my main point in bringing it up is to say that I am not saying that chronos sucks altogether and should be utterly bagged ... it has its place and messing with it is VERY dangerous - although sometimes the rewards of that risk are very wonderful - especially for Sirius and Bukcbeak. The point is, though, that chronos can be meddled with. And here is is meddled with in such a way that the "hard rules" of the physical space half of the whole "space-time continuum" thinga-ma-bobby are superceded ... trumped, so to speak.

2. Time Trumps Space: Descartes Debunked

The whole thing I have just said about "trumping" has a specific historical referent. Renes Descartes is known as the father of modern philosophy. He developed a very particular definition of what I will call (well, following the standard lingo in all the people whom I have had to read on the matter, all much smarter than me) - "physicality." Descartes' term is Res Extensia - or "extended reality/thing/matter." This means basically that physicality is defined primarily by the extension through the 3 dimensions (not meaning here any "other" dimensions that academics etc might talk about - simply meaning the three that we speak of in something like a 3D movie ... btw, U2-3D rocked).



This is very different than the way that physicality had been thought of before, and (in Rowling I think) since. The Jewish concept of the "body" was as a mode of relation: one relates to others through the body in speech, touch, smiles and the like; one relates to God through liturgical observance or keeping the commandments through the body; one relates to God's creation in bodily ways (tilling the ground etc) .



On the Rowling side, Steve Vander Ark (and I really hope they got all their differences sorted out) had some really good comments at Lumos in 2006 in Vegas. He talked about "wizarding logic" - the fact that by apparition and other magical means everything is about only 40 seconds away. I forget exactly how far he took that in the direction I am going here, so he might have said everything I am about to say (in which case I REALLY need to mention him, so as not to plaigerize), but the whole thing remains the same either way in how it fits into what I am saying here. Time is not ruled by space in the wizarding world: it does not take longer to get from Seamus' house in Scottland to London than it does to get to Hogwarts from Chez Finnigan (that's the specific example used by Vander Ark ... although I came up with the witty use of French :) ). Seamus takes the Hogwarts Express like everyone else because that is a part of what it means to be a student at the school. Through "wizarding logic" (magic) life on earth is freed up, in the physical side, to show so many more things, like aspects of relations etc.

Not even Chronos, clock time, is ruled by "space"; and Kairos time is ruled by neither ... it rules them. The meaning of living life, including even simply being physical, it not ruled by "scientifically verifiable extension." Kairos must also respect Chronos and scientific space, but in the end it rules them and not vice versa, and the whole thing begins by pointing up, in the instance of the time turner (as perhaps the most apt representative of Vander Ark's "wizarding logic"), that even Chronos is not ruled by space. By it's link with Kairos, both being types of time, it trumps space even though it is ruled by "special time."



PS: I should make a note here on the "debunking" of Descartes. I'm not saying "scrap the bugger and give him up as a bad job." The thing is that you can't ... to quote Riley in the first National Treasure movie: it's not just that it shouldn't be done ... it simply can't be done. We can't get back there no matter how hard we try ... our way of thinking (what Foucault would call an "episteme") is simply what it is. We may think we should "turn back the clock" but in our case, unlike Hermione and Harry's, we simply can't ... no matter how arduously we try to get back there we always approach that material as who we are where we are ... and that is as people whose thinking has been formed in a post-Cartesian world. Our better hope is to understand where we are, take the good and see if there is a way to transform the not-so-good (I think Descartes system works somewhat in so far as it goes, but to define what it means to be "in the body" or "in the flesh" solely, or even primarily, by the whole 3D extension thing is a MAJOR gype).
posted by merlin at 1:57 PM
0 comments


Saturday, January 19, 2008

Rowling and Tom Waits

No official news here - just something fun, and an argument in support of my once statement that the closest thing I can think of to the way the weird sisters are portrayed (as distinctly different from the banal teeny-bopper movie four punky-grungy-poppy-gothy band) is Tom Waits. I was piddling around this evening and pulled out my guitar and a sheets of Waits lyrics and chords I made up once from books of his songs I like. One that I always like to play is called "Tango till they're sore." The opening line/verse goes "well, you play that tarantella, all the hounds will start to roar, the boys all go to hell and then the cubans hit the floor, they drive along the pipeline, they tango till they're sore, they take apart their nightmares and they leave them by your door." Now the song as a whole shares certain themes with Ms Rowling's work, such as death ("make sure they play my theme song, I guess daisies will have to do, just get me to New Orleans and paint shadows on the pew"" ... but what caught my attention was that word "tarantella." I thought, I have read that recently ... while I was listening to book 2 coming back out here. And indeed I had. There is that spell Draco hits Harry with first in the dueling club in book 2 and also with which somebody (Dolohov I think but can't be sure without looking it up) hits Neville in the DOM in book 5 (remember, that is how he breaks the prophecy).

Tarantallegra.

If you look up tarantella on dictionary.com you read:
a rapid, whirling southern Italian dance in very quick sextuple, originally quadruple, meter, usually performed by a single couple, and formerly supposed to be a remedy for tarantism.

Which is pretty much what happens to Harry and Neville: Neville's legs are kind of flailing around and "the next second Harry's legs began to jerk around out of his control in a kind of two-step" (CS 192).

In connection with the theme/image-set of psychological malady, the "disease" which the tarantella was though to be a cure for, tarantism, is described thus on dictionary.com:

a mania characterized by an uncontrollable impulse to dance, esp. as prevalent in southern Italy from the 15th to the 17th century, popularly attributed to the bite of the tarantula.

In addition we all know of Rowling's love of Italian Renaissance (cf John Granger's work) ...

Now of course, for what I now refer to as the "proof-mongers" (those who focus on "proofs" instead of reading a piece of fiction/art for the beauty of the rough edges and nuances) - no, neither of these mention have anything to do with the band the weird sisters - and so I can't say "hey, everybody, I have proof that I have a real world referent for that band ... I can prove it! come and look!" - which was never my aim.

My point is ... Waits would be a good match for what the music of the Weird Sisters sounds like for two reasons: 1) compare Waits music and instrumentation with the same elements described of the Wierd Sisters in book 4 (I think DD is described as doing some funky sort of waltz with Madam Maxime at the Yule Ball); and 2) They think of the same things, like the tarantella.

My real point is ... this is damn funny. Rowling has a very wry and great sense of the humorous. A jinx that disables your opponent by making them dance a funky Italian quick-step dance ... now THAT is downright hilarious.

UPDATE 1/26/08

Ok ... so I am reading Foucault - no small task in itself lol ... and way too long to explain, but he does mention Campanella - and in trying to track down stuff on origins of Abracadabra/Avada Kedavra I came across a book tracing development of theory in medieval magic, big emphasis on Campanella, a souther Italian (like the tarantella) monk ... I have had some friends cast aspersion on whether or not Rowling is really that intelligent and eductated ... she knows her stuff ... I really have to get more into this realm

BUT, since that last was sort of not not necessarily really tightly connected with the first part of the post, this other thing presented itself to me while I was listening to book 2 while riding the recumbent bike in the gym (new years resolution, another long story) ... speaking of how funny this whole "jinx of dancing" is ... the spell that Harry hit Draco with first was "rictum-sempra" - the last part of course being the sempra we discussed so much in the Sectum Sempra as "ever cut - but here it is "ever laughing" - make the unable to stop laughing as a weapon - effing ingenious.
posted by merlin at 8:45 PM
1 comments


Thursday, December 13, 2007

Pirates of the Bronx: At Semester's End

Sorry, Mate ... Just couldn't resist

So, I'm a little short on sleep right now from a paper. Was going to sleep for longer today but there was the office Christmas thing and lunch with a candidate for a post on faculty (they like to have candidates have lunch with grad students in their specialty while they are here, this guys was in OT) and then I was going to come back and catch up on sleep but then realized it would be probably be a good idea for me to turn up at the talk the guy was giving at for (part of his visiting as a candidate) - was pretty drowsy during the talk but after was more awake, so ...

Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End came out on DVD on the 5th and I got a copy but told me-self I could not watch it or the extras till everything was done - but then I was relatively awake, but realizing I would not be so long enough to make it worth getting started, since on this little sleep it is a better idea to catch up some on it

so ... you guessed it ... while I did not watch the movie, I did go through the extras

Quite simply: this movie rocks more every time I look at stuff from it. I highly recommend watching the extras - the work that went into that final battle in the maelstrom is every bit as over the top as the scene itself is in the finished movie (for which I have made a case, contra those who complain that the movie, and that scene was just too over the top, that that is life, especially on PoMo readings ... "Into the Abyss" is where life takes place and the Spirit is ever brooding over the chaotic face of the deep). And Hans Zimmer ... quite simply rocks - great peace on his work on the score For here, only briefly, I have four findings.


I will go through them from the shortest to the longest, since I would not want the reader to get tired out by my longer discussions (and the last point is VERY long because it gave way, contrary to my original intention, before inserting this parenthetical here, to the previously promised discussion on recent statements of "authorial intent" by Rowling), - I would not want the reader to do this if the reader is prone to do so, and miss out on having at least the reward of the shortest one, which is just a really fun factiod, so I put it up first.

1.
Gore Verbinski, the director, actually plays guitar in the movie. No, it is not an over-dub of the "Spanish Ladies" piece played by Captain Teague ... that part is actually played by Richards himself onscreen. Verbinski plays the only part in the whole movie score that is rock instrumentation: the haunting distorted electric guitar overlay in the scene where Will, Beckett and Jones meet with Barbosa, Elizabeth and Jack on the sandbar between the two armadas just before the final battle in the maelstrom (the one that sounds a little like some of the "ballad" stuff Metallica has done). Interesting too ... Hans Zimmer used to be in the rock music industry.

2.
Hoist the Colors:
The song was actually composed from scratch, both melody and lyrics, by not only Hans Zimmer, but Hans Zimmer and Gore Verbinski working together. Also on that song: I had written on here after I watched the movie umpteen times in the theater and then gotten a pirated version on Canal St in lower Manhattan, of my theory of the "meaning" of that song. In the movie Sao Fang's lieutenant sings "never SAY we die," but I was pretty sure that when the pirate chorus sings it at the beginning that it was "SHALL we die." And indeed, in the English subtitles for the extras piece on the song (where at least an original recording was done with Zimmers wife, who just happened to be in the studio that day, singing the song like a young boy), it is indeed, "never SHALL we die."

My whole original comment was that the "never" has a secondary undertone of "EVER shall we die." That word in the gallow-pirates chorus is particularly fuzzy, sounding like it could be either. It was this, after looking online and finding a consensus for "never" (probably based in using the version by Sao Feng's lieutenant as a comparison source), that first presented to me the idea to me of two meanings arising from the "fuzziness," one primary and one secondary. The primary meaning is the "never" because this is what the brethren court intended in binding Calypso. The secondary meaning of "ever" is the reality of the thing - the "being towards" death I will take up in observation number 3.

3.
Being Towards Death:
There is a line I missed in previous viewings because of the chaotic setting and the quickness of it. But it is a central line for the case I have been making (while trying not to tip my hand too much on the contents of an essay I want to write and try to get published), concerning this movie's great manifestation of Heidegger's "being towards death" (which makes it fit well with HP because I have been making a similar case regarding Deathly Hallows). The line is one of two in the pairing off of the two captains, Barbosa and Jones, against each other in the battle in the abyss. I just mentioned, in the parenthetical, Jone's line, "into the abyss" (forget if I mentioned this or not, but the abyss is also a translation for the Hebrew word in that Genesis 1 passage, "the deep," and it is a very key term for Heidegger, the "ab-ground" that is the "nothing" out into which human existence, "dasein," is constantly held, and for Heidegger this is intimately bound up in the "being towards death"). But Barbosa's pairing line, when he takes the helm after Elizabeth and Will tell him they need him, relates directly to the "being towards death": "Dying is a Day worth Living For" (which echoes with Will's central line to his father, when Bootstrap says that 10 years at sea is a heavy price to pay for one day ashore with his wife: "it all depends one day" - and speaking of creation in Genesis 1, the Septuagint, the Greek translation of the Old Testament, does not read "the first day," but rather "the one day" - a point out of which the Church Fathers made a great deal in developing Christian eschatology, including in relation to Sunday as the 8th day, the "ogdoad," and the 1 day beyond the created 7 day order of Genesis 1-2).

4.
The Long Awaited DVD Answer On Will's Destiny:
In regards to this "being towards death" the one thing I was looking forward to in the DVD release was a rumored 23 extra minutes of deleted footage, which contained, among other things, material pertaining to the exact nature of Will's contract with the Dutchman as her captain. Well, that 23 minutes was only a rumor. The deleted scenes include only 2 brief scenes. BUT, I was rewarded on the matter of Will and the 10 years aboard the Dutchman. Rumor had had it that what was to be revealed was that Will had only one 10 year stint to do to fulfill the terms of service, and then he could stay on land with Elizabeth for the rest of his life all the time. This is not the case, and I am very glad. Rather than extra scenes, the DVD included in the insert a list of "top questions movie goers had about POTC: AWE" ... and the second question is that of one 10 year stint or a continuing system ... and the definitive answer in the insert is the latter.

The reason I was so glad about this is actually very pertinent for recent events of public statements in Potter-land. In the "text" of the movie as it stands the best case that could be made for the shorter terms is that the text is ambiguous and leaves that question unanswered. But I do not think that position (of the text as completely ambiguous on the matter) stands up very well because it does not adequately describe the text. If one asks the question of the text, one must follow the logic in the text: Will replaced Jones, whose original accord was the longer, repeating, schema., and thus these are the terms of Will being captain. There is no going back to "normal" life. To quote Val Kilmer's Doc Holladay in the movie Tombstone: "there's no such thing as normal life, Wyatt, there's just life" ... and death (this line is spoken on Holladay's death bed).

(I am also apposed to readings of this text that view the 10 years at sea as the man "going out every day to return at night, bringing home the bacon" concept of "normal life." That leaving and returning is a part of human existence, but this thing of "being towards death" - Will's specific task of ferrying the dead is central, as are his death and resurrection - the latter term used specifically in the DVD insert. It is the same with Harry: even though he goes on with life and marries Ginny and has a family with her, it can no longer be "normal life." Those events changed him radically and definitively. The scar has not even prickled in 19 years ... but he still remembers it and his hand still goes there by instinct.)

Don't Mess With the Text: From Pirates to Potter
The logic of the recurring 10 years stands as it is in the logic of the movie's text and I am glad they did not muck things up with some statement of authorial intent outside the text that muddied the waters of the text itself. The way that the reason I was so happy connects with recent Potter statements is that the logic of the text stands as it is, on its own. If that logic is flawed or not well written then that is just the way it is ... adding "extra" material does not fix the problem with the text as it stands unless you write a new text. And even on that issue, I see no reason to say that the text as it stands has lacunae that require explanation. And I don't think the proposed answer to a supposed lacuna is anywhere near as present, if at all, in the DH text as the author sees it. I don't doubt she had that reading of the character long before, maybe from the start, but I think she let the story tell itself by its own logic and that that logic does not contain that element for that character (neither that specific form, nor the question in general, either "same" or "opposite").

"Authorial intent" versus "author providing information on details."
When sounding the war-cry of the "new criticism" (as I am apt to do) - "don't commit the fallacy of authorial intent!" - I would distinguish between authorial intent and information on details provided by the author. Under the latter I would place such material as giving the sources of images used (e.g. noting that the source directly and concretely impacting the nature of the four houses is the classical four elements cosmogony - but even in that case I would differentiate between what can be said about - such as, for example, that the four elements comprise the nature of the physical cosmos, just as the four houses comprise the English wizarding world's concept of the composition of the defining trait of their "world" as distinct from other worlds, such as the muggle world, with special emphasis on the fact that the author concretely uses the "world" terminology, which generally translates the Greek "cosmos" - from my own theories and comments, as an interpreter, of how the interaction between the individual four elements works out in the text).
As an example from the wider world of literature (and I only know this one from doing a paper on it in undergrad) I would offer the example of informing the un-informed that the dates given as the headings of the four sections of William Faulkner's The Sound and the Fury are the dates of the Tuesday and Thursday-Saturday of Holy Week (in the year 1938 and, for the Tuesday, the Quentin Compton section, for 1928, I believe, but I would have to look it up, the years are given in the date headings), and thus one is justified in using Holy Week as an interpretive matrix for the novel. I do not believe that the statement in question falls under the heading of such information, but properly under the improper understanding, and really inflation, of the natural role of "authorial intent."

As an example of such considerations of what is "in the text" take my comments on a possible Harry-Hermione thing, in remarks exchanged with Jo from Australia just after the release of DH. In those comments, if I remember them correctly (and if not, take this as an opportunity to edit that text of mine by here making a new text with the inaccurate material struck from the old text and this material inserted), that the presence of a real thing was ever even actually present. I think that the case is that the logic of character types and of experience lends itself to the possibility of something, but that is not the same as the thing itself actually existing between the two. I think a key element is the absence of Ron as a result of his actively leaving. I believe that it is only in this absence that logic of the character types and that of the emotionally intense common experience, without Ron there, ever even even have arisen at all, in any way shape or form, on Hermione's radar, even subconsciously (which is why I think Hermione was so upset with Ron for leaving - but on my reading it is also entirely possible that the blip on the radar is only subconscious and that Hermione could not consciously tie out this element as a contributing factor for her anger - but, as I said then, I do think that things such as the posing as a middle-aged muggle married couple so support the element as a factor in the text, at the very least in the use of the images, even if not at all on the level of the Hermione character, although I do think the latter at least possible, and my gut feeling sides with even at least probability, but how much I can "prove" is of course another matter - and here I am arguing in a different fashion from the "fun logic of images" I speak of sometimes, when I say I am not trying to proof-text or provide "evidence" for certain things, - here I am trying to provide evidence to support a certain reading of a certain possible element in the text).

I do not think that the thing itself ever actually occurred in the text, only the latent possibility according to only the logic of character types and of the common experiences in that context. And I do not think Hermione ever chose (consciously or subconsciously) to follow those logics, but simply that they did put a real strain on her emotionally in Ron's absence (a tenet I would list on the "latent" level, but still concretely in the text on that level) ... a strain to which Harry was totally oblivious (the reason you go with someone is because you actually are drawn to them not because they are "your type" or simply because there is a certain logic in sharing certain general experiences together, even if those things contribute secondarily - and obviously in the final moment it is a matter of a choice, an act of the will).

I think that is the state of the text as it stands in this case(on Harry, Hermione and Ron - the last especially evident in what Ron sees in the locket ... if it is in Ron's mind and read by the Voldy-Crux, Hermione can probably guess that it is in Ron's mind) and no statements of authorial intent would change that (the author might be able to change my opinion by their own arguments as an interpreter of the text, the same as any other interpreter might be able to by presenting arguments), just as statements that seem to me to fall distinctly under the class of "authorial intent," such as those actually made, will not change my read on that issue.

On a further matter concerning that public statement, the matter of the public reception, I do not necessarily fault the author, but I do think that giving statements of interpretation, given the fact that in this case the interpreter in question is also the author, has seriously muddied the waters on the issue.

John Granger has suggested in a post on the matter that one should heavily qualify the nature of that statement by observing the context. I don't disagree (at least not necessarily, not being in a privileged position to discern such things) with his assessment of the statement as heartfelt and honest and directed primarily to the questioner. What I disagree with in Granger's assessment is the contention that those parameters definitively define the context of the statement. This was not simply a private conversation, or even a Q&A session of a talk given in an auditorium filled with persons with a specialized interest in an academic matter, where the only audience outside the physical walls that will probably ever hear the answer are the academic readers of a peer-reviewed academic journal. The real context of the statement involves a very pervasive world wide-wide media in which often occur very heated and polemical ad-hominem campaigns (and even the original question evidences the differences: an audience interested in such academic textual matters would not generally ask a question of that nature - I do not mean to infer any ill mark on the questioner whatsoever, but such a question arises, I think, from conflating what the experience of the text means for a person, in their particular life-situation, with the text itself).

(Wow, the end of that last paragraph, before the parenthetical, sounds so much like my roommates recent paper on Augustine on "gapped" texts, that the understanding of context and its role in genre-type plays a central role in the "meaning" of texts.)

In other words, I think Granger (and probably the author, but I cannot say for sure), while calling attention to the context, have quite misunderstood the true scope of that context.

I also think that Granger does not give proper consideration and weight to that matter of heated ad-hominem arguments in the public arena. One might take a view "against" but see a need to nuance it greatly in order to convey what they believe (such as not being mistaken as implying that certain people will necessarily go to hell if they do not leave a certain lifestyle ... although here it would be a matter of further debate whether, or to what extent, the categories of "insurmountable ignorance" apply or to what extent the psychological conditioning of certain experiences can impact a person in certain areas - and those experiences can drastically effect the psychological: just two days ago I was talking to the professor I spoke of who teaches the class on Corinthians, and he told me the story related to him by a man of how the man's son wound up in a holding cell and was subjected by other inmates to certain things, in other words forced and by no means of his own free will; after six months of not telling anyone the son took his own life). But if one takes such a stance and holds such a view, as I do (and as the Church of John's active creedal affiliation does), such a statement as this by the author potentially gives rise to certain problems. Holding such a nuanced position, one might wish to exercise discretion by "choosing ones battles," and such an authorial statement might seriously limit one's ability to exercise such discretion (I personally try to exercise discretion, not simply for the matter of considering when and where a statement might or might not be effective, or to what degree, but because when making a statement I wish not to be misunderstood, for instance, on the distinction between the simple having of certain inclinations, and the acting upon those inclinations, especially if the misunderstanding meant being construed as saying "you are abhorrent and going to hell simply for having the inclinations" and I tend to gravitate towards situations in which I have more chance of being able to make such distinctions and nuances. For instance, while my roommates might not agree with me, they do know my beliefs and we are able to get along, but many others do not have that privilege of being able to say they concretely know where I stand ... unless they happen to be reading this blog post I guess). If one is of such a mind, and is a PhD student at a large university, and is known to be a practicing Catholic, and is also known to be a huge Harry Potter fan, as I am ... situations which one might otherwise avoid might become unavoidable from causes not within one's control, including, as the first such factor, the author's public statement. In such a case one will likely be written off as "phobic," without the chance to explain one's position adequately (fortunately this has not yet happened to me personally ... but given things as they are, it is not necessarily unlikely ... and the further consideration that should be added in my situation is that, if asked on the matter, I do not wish to betray my faith, I prefer to be honest).

Granger gives an example of, when he worked for Whole-Foods, a certain label being applied to himself owing to his marriage and large family (the term rhymes with "feeder"). Being so labeled does not seem to have affected him greatly, but his charitable disposition (and I mean that description of him in all seriousness of respect) does not changed the bigoted nature of someone labeling somebody else that way. Granger makes the statement that such polemicists from the "against" side (as I mention below parenthetically) wrongly take the matter to the level of "election year politics"; but I would argue that the true state of affairs in our cultural context, especially give the aforementioned pervasive world-wide mentioned above is that ... it's always an election year.

In short, I think that in trying (and I freely admit that I think he does so with the best intentions) to "pour oil on the water," Granger really just adds fuel to the fire. Better simply to say something nebulous like "well, its a thing people are naturally going to disagree on" and leave it at that (which, in and of itself would be enough to send those who are unfortunately given to agitated polemics "against" and lack of discretion in how they handle such a situation - if looking to distinguish oneself from such polemicists is the desired goal of such as statement ... such polemicists tend to settle for nothing less than very animatedly hopping on their side in no uncertain terms - but I would differentiate between such polemics and generaly being a bit perturbed by the statement, and I don't think Granger addresses this distinction sufficiently enough to justify the statements he himself make ... just my take on it). Better to make such brief and nebulous statements than to go to the lengths he has chastising those who were upset for being so vocally so (or at least that is how I read his statements, but that may just be me for the reasons I stated just now). For this reason, while I disagree with the polemicists (on both sides of the fence), I do not find the same fault as Granger seems to (at least in that one piece as I understood it) with some being agitated by the statement.

On the score of the question of whether or not the statement of "authorial intent" impacts the meaning of the text, even some decidedly, publicly, and even polemically, on the one side (the "pro" and activist side) have argued that it does not, such as John Cloud in Time, who basically said (in a piece in time days after the author's statement) "you're not doing any good for my side ... put the character back where the character was before your statement -in the ...."

All that having been said, I do think that it is a legit question to ask whether this particular author, in her particular time and life situation, would have written such a character (who we all have found genuinely VERY endearing) without such a concept (not "could this character be written without this concept" in general, but in the very particular case of this author) ... and the attendant question of whether or not any body else, period, could have given us this particular character. I do not know the answer to that question, but I do think it is a valid question to ask. It is a question that applies to the way in which the text arises, as distinct from the text itself, but I do think it a legitimate question to ask.

so, there you have it for what it is worth: Merlin's literary theory (101) and read of recent major HP events and the responses to them ... I wouldn't necessarily advise quoting it in any significant debates if I were you (not for my own sake ... for yours lol). I was not planning on making the big long statement on the recent HP developments and Granger's commentary on them. I was planning just to make a short post on Pirates the Caribbean and then put me to bed, but oh well.

Now I really am going to bed.
posted by merlin at 7:38 PM
3 comments


Tuesday, December 11, 2007

Harry Potter and the Gift of Death

So, I just ordered a book online: The Gift of Death by Jacques Derrida. Now, being as Derrida just died in 2004, there stands a pretty good chance that he knew of Tolkien's use of that title/phrase in the Silmarillion. But my own path to the JD book was through my professor in the class I am taking on St Paul's Corinthian correspondence in the New Testament. When talking to him earlier in the day I happened to mention the direction I am taking with my paper in my other class on the History of Biblical Interpretation, in which we have been taking the history of interpretation of Genesis 22 (also known as the "Akedah" or "binding" of Isaac) as a paradigm - covering everything from second temple Judaism to, last week, Soren Kierkegaard (in Fear and Trembling). Upon hearing the direction that I was going with that other paper, Dr Welborn (the NT professor) said, "you know who has an interesting book on the Akedah is Jacques Derrida."

So, there is Derrida, as in the French father of post-modern deconstructionist theory, as in Rowling was a French major. As in Rowling was a classicist. As in just in tonight's class we were talking about how Foucault (also French PoMo, of whom I will have to read a fair bit next semester in a class on "the postmodern subject" ... meaning subjective, as in the role/place of the acting subject, not as in "I am studying the subject of theology" or "what subjects are you taking next term?" ) spawned a whole corpus of secondary literature concentrated on ancient Greco-Roman thought on the emotions.

So, what, you might ask, were we doing talking about ancient Greco-Roman understandings of the emotions? Well, I'm glad you asked. Paul devotes quite a bit of ink in parts of 2nd Corinthians to the concept of the "pain" or "anguish" he has suffered. The Greek word used here is "lupei" and generally means psychic/psychological suffering or pain. Now, cut back to just after the Lumos conference in August of 2006. I had listened to one of the CDs from the conference, a talk I had not been able to go to while there, by Kim Decina and Josella Vanderhooft, on standard disorder types from clinical psychology as present in the HP series. I think even more now than back then that their paper topic was uniquely insightful into a key element in understanding the books. Of course, coming up to book 7 release I did a long post on what I called the "insanity chiasm," focusing heavily on therapeutic imagery (particularly "being sick") in connection with key moments such as visions (revelatory in nature, as therapy is meant to be, working out "what ails you" by first getting it out in the open) and retellings of dark deeds (such retellings done under influence of substances the sort of force the revelation, like veritaserum ... as in when Barty Crouch Jr recounts his tale under the truth serum and Harry notices that McGonnegal looks a bit disgusted, as if she had just watched somebody being sick).

Now, all that is not to say that Decina and Vanderhooft saw exactly the same on all things. We didn't necessarily disagree, but they were hesitant to cast Lupin under the umbrella of psychological malady because they could not put him into a standard modern psychology category. But with this new info on his name (IE the Greek lupei as psychological pain), I feel even more confident about my reading of Lupin as, not a particular objective, classifiable disorder, but as the experience of psychological malady for the person who undergoes it. Here's an interesting fact we went through in class tonight. The Stoic system that was the most common "popular" philosophy in the Greco Roman world at the time of Paul (sometimes sort of mixed with some Platonism) had two sets of emotions they talked about, the 4 bad ones and the 3 good ones. So, why the difference in number? Well, the 3 good ones all corresponded to one each of the bads ones (so the sage is the one who has trained themself rightly and passed from the stage of being dominated by the bad ones to living only in the good ones) ... and that leaves one bad emotion without a corresponding good emotion to be turned to after becoming sagely. The reader gets 3 guesses what the name of that "bad" emotion is that is so bad it cannot be transformed into anything positive when one advances to sagehood (under the system of stoic thought, which Paul is actually arguing contrary to) ... and the first two guesses don't count. Lupei is as excluded from the life of the sage as Lupin is from the society of wizards. This is the experience of the one who is weighed down by the conception of their own illness - "My kind don't usually breed!"

(DH 213 - "It will be like me, I am convinced of it - how can I forgive myself, when I knowingly risked passing on my condition to an innocent child? And, if by some miracle, it is not like me, then it will be better off, a hundred times so, without a father of whom it must always be ashamed!")

Now, back to that mention of being sick in connection with visions ("your young men will dream dreams" - guess what one of the standard ancient texts that is connected withe the healing cult of the Greek god of healing, Asklepios, who just happened to have a VERY big branch office in Corinth, was - Artemidorus' work on the interpretation of dreams - apparently the dreams were supposed to provide clues to healing - and the symbol of Asklepios? a snake and a staff crossed or the snake wound around the staff - sound a little like the symbol for any institutions in HP - like the wand a bone of St Mungos?). In particular I am thinking of the vision from inside the snake in Order of the Phoenix.

The almost single-minded goal of stoicism was to become impervious (sound like any HP charms discussed before, especially during brutal Quidditch matches, like one against a character who will later die at the dead center of the series, Cedric Diggory?) to lupei. Paul's rebuttal is a journey to redemption that he actually describes very heavily in terms of anguish (7 specific terms in Greco-Roman world for types of it) - that the path to salvation goes by way of being led through the suffering, not becoming impervious. But my point is: where do we see in DH the image of a misguided attempt to become impervious from invasion (which is, more than anything, suicide ... the level to which one must cut oneself off from others)" ... "Dumbledore wanted you to close that connection! Dumbledore wanted you to practice Occlumency!" (and by book 6, of course, Dumbledore fully realizes that Harry can no more do occlumency properly than he can make his hair behave, but the headmaster does not seem to be at all that concerned the deficiency in Harry's , not after the pain Voldemort experienced when trying to possess Harry in the end of book 5 ... Draco Malfoy, on the other hand, who is in such a psychologically distraught state from oppression by Voldy that he can muster the loathing to use the cruciatus curse effectively on Olivander, using it on the wandmaker without even the natural righteous anger driving it that Harry has in using it on Amycus Carrow - Draco can practice occlumency quite well, well enough to stop even so skilled a legilimens as Snape)

(oh, and for the thing above on the "impervious" charm .. I am not trying to tie out a nice neat system in which the impervious charm was actually a bad thing because it is like trying to close the Voldy connection and in book 7 that is not the deal [in book 5 before the end occlumency is a good idea ... it might have saved Sirius' life if done rightly] ... I look at things more as the way certain images attune the reader to certain questions - so the impervious charm is neither good nor bad [if anything it is good as a way of keeping the rain out of your face in gale force winds during a Quidditch match], but simply meant to sort of "stick" in the reader's ear as something that is somehow meaningful in the books, meaning the issue of imperviousness, protection from invasion, psychic or otherwise etc etc)

Anyway, one last thing on Lupin and lupei. There is a classicist named William Harris who is presently at Columbia U on the upper west side in Manhattan, whom my professor, Dr Welborn, was mentioning tonight, who has done a bit of work on this subject. Harris says that in the ancient world lupei was thought of as pretty much the flipside of the same coin as "orgei." So what is orgei? Well, we get certain words in English from it, used in a, to be discrete, coital context (or being as we deal so heavily with language here, maybe "conjugational" would be a fitting pun). But this usage largely comes from the cultic fertility activities surrounding the cult of the Greek god Dionysius. On the other hand orgei can be translated "anger." The connection between the dionysian sense and the "angry" sense, can best be seen in the word "madness." We can use that word of being angry or we can use it of being deranged ... or being so angry that we "lose it" ... much as, for the stoics, to be subject to lupei was to be not in control of oneself. The dionysian sense mentioned just above derives the connection from the sort of "ecstatic" state, out of control etc, often occurring in such cultic settings of this particular nature. But, aside from that specific dionysian setting, in the more general sense of being "mad" as being "out of one's mind," in the HP series, who "loses it" once a month? Who is "stark raving mad" at the full moon?

Interestingly, the closest Greco-Roman literary form of that time for the section/s of 2nd Corinthians where Paul addresses the "anguish" is known as the "therapeutic letter" - which generally addresses both aspects of lupei, "anger" and "anguish."

... I always come out of the class on Corinthians with at least one or two good ideas or observations on Harry Potter ... which makes it make even more sense to me that Rowling used the St Paul quote for the headstone in Deathly Hallows (and there again is Derrida writing a book on "the last enemy to be overcome").

PS
... there again, maybe death conquered by being transformed into gift (although this is a very deep concept, and utmost caution must be observed in speaking of it, especially with one who has lost a loved one in death - some gifts are so sublime that they are agony) ... transformed, did you say? interesting, in 2 Corinthians 5:18 and 19 there is a verb that standardly gets translated in English "reconcile" (katalussoe) - God was "reconciling the world to himself" etc, but the sense of the Greek world itself is actually, "make other" - as in transformation, as in transfiguration - like I said, always a few good thought on HP from that class.
posted by merlin at 8:16 PM
2 comments


Saturday, December 01, 2007

Death Within and Without: Being Towards Death

I was taking a break from research and reading for papers and since I had recently, on the drive from the Bronx to PA and OH and back again, listened a good deal of the way through Deathly Hallows (Scholastic Version with Jim Dale), I decided to pick up DH and read the King's Cross chapter again (a few nights ago I did the same, reading the escape on the dragon, which was where I had been in the CD set when I hit the George Washington bridge on my way back into town, and selections up through the story told by the ghost of Ravenclaw's tale). As I was reading I was thinking about the specifics of the way the cloaked scene works as Harry walks down with his parents and Lupin and Sirius to face death by Voldemort's hand.

Harry walks down protected from death by the cloak, as the cloak is specifically known to do. This is the part where, in DD's words, the legend breaks down and facts become a little more relevant. The cloak may make the wearer truly invisible to the 'death' character in the tale, but, as Harry notes, it is not a protection from curses, and thus not a fail-safe protection from death (and interestingly - and I am not sure if this is a glitch/mistake or not - the cloak does not make Harry invisible to magical eyes like Moody's, which I think is somewhere in GOF, sometime when they are in the 3 broomsticks, Harry under the cloak). BUT, the thing is that while Harry is invisible in the cloak he still has the opportunity to evade death at Voldy's hand. It is his choice that decides.

What stood out to me in this reading is the image of the loved ones "inside" the cloak with Harry. They disappear when he takes the cloak off and reveals himself in the moment of choice. And they are visible to none but him. Somehow, it is accepting the company of the dead, of the dearly departed - not as ghosts or in the way of the stone and trying to "fetch them back", but specifically AS dead, as having passed through the veil ("He was not really fetching them: They were fetching him.") - is what is necessary for facing death well - and for the possibility of resurrection, and for the possibility of living well even on earth (for Harry to live on and have a family with Ginny etc). While carrying the dead with him while in the cloak, he is protected from death by invisibility if he chooses so to continue. But to make that choice would go against the whole reason for calling them with the stone in the first place, and then it would become what it was for the Peverell brother who made the stone - bringing the dead back into a wretched half-life.

Two points from past posts are relevant here. One is the "technical detail" of the missing 14 feet in the graveyard scene in GOF (Harry is six feet from the tombstone when Cedric dies, then Wormtail has to walk "some twenty feet" to retrieve Harry's wand laying by the body), on which I noted that I think it results partially from the text detail of the wand dropping near Cedric's body and then the need for the death eater symbolism that the body be outside their circle (the discrepancy comes from the conflicting material requirements of 2 "meaning" right in a row ... Voldy is cold and heartless and the "killing of the spare" could hardly warrant from him more than a passing whisper, so Harry and Ced must be no more than about 6 feet to hear it, but a circle of close to 30 death eaters is going to be more than that in diameter, and if you are going to get that body outside that circle for symbolic effect, right after the whisper scene, you're going to have to move it without explanation in the text), the departed excluded from the death eaters' considerations. The second point is related in that in the cage of phoenix song just after this, it is the death eaters who are outside while the shades of the martyrs are inside the central arena of action. Whether by conscious choice or subconsciously, Rowling's brain really goes for the "inside-outside" pairings, oppositions and reversals, especially in regards to the issues of death and the departed.


PS
That thing just now of meeting death "by Voldemort's hand" ... Really interesting phrase. Actually I have used it in Hebrew but was not aware of its existence in the Hebrew Scriptures and thus had to sort of guess at the morphology on my own (in Hebrew "by his hand" is one word: the preposition "in/with/by" is a single letter, "b", which can attach itself to the beginning of a word [a prefix] and Hebrew has a system of what are called "pronomial suffixes" - endings that can attach to nouns to show possession according to number and gender, so you attach the suffix for masculine singular ["his"] for a singular noun [there are different suffixes for singular and plural nouns, such that "his horse" and "his horses" would be different not only in the original noun, but in the suffix used - and their is yet another for "their horses" when you are speaking of masculine plural owners and another for when you are speaking of feminine plural owners, and different endings and rules for if you are dealing with a masculine or feminine possessed noun - since, as in German, French, Greek and Latin, nouns have gender - for masculine plural possessed noun, feminine plural possessed noun, basically every variation, you get the picture ... takes a while to learn ... but you get the picture: attach the prefix for "in/with/by" to the front of the word for hand, and the suffix for "his" on the end).

Anyway, I had done this for a series of handmade wedding gifts with the "Poetic Benediction" from Numbers ("The Lord Bless you and keep you, the Lord make his face to shine upon you and be gracious to you, the Lord lift up his countenance on you and give you peace") in Hebrew (Masoretic Text), Greek (Septuagint), Latin (Vulgate) and English (Revised Standard Version). The inscription below had the dedication to the couple and then the Hebrew of Genesis 12:3b ("In you shall all the families of the earth bless themselves"), and then my signature, and below it that Hebrew word for "by his hand" - meaning that it was handmade (at least hand-inked, not my actual full caligraphy because I made a guide to use on a lightbox because my penmanship is even worse in Hebrew and Greek alphabet than it is with English alphabet). But the further meaning of the word was that of an oath, to put one's hand to something like putting your hand on the Bible to take an oath in court ... to pledge yourself, your very being, to good will for true well being ( I also had them blessed by a priest when I was done with them).

Well, recently in a class I am taking on the history of the interpretation of the "Akedah," the "binding" of Isaac in Genesis 22, I discovered an actual use of that Hebrew word: "in/by his hand." When they reach the mountain after a 3 day journey, In Genesis 22:6, Abraham places the wood for the burnt offering on Isaac's back and takes the fire and knife "in his hand" (meaning his own) - and "so the two of them walked on together."

I am making no claims that I think Rowling had this passage in mind when she wrote "The Forest Again" chapter - I think these things travel in our collective subconscious (more commonly referred to as "tradition") and just sort of bubble out. But take a look at the groups of images used. Harry walks to his death ("and the two of them walked on together") with his "beloved" ones ("take now your son, your only son, whom you love ..."). We have had much research and many authorial statements about the role of different types of wood ("And Abraham took the wood of the burnt offering and laid it on Isaac his son") in wands ... and in
this book especially the wand made of elder. Now, as with all analogies, the analogy breaks down (I would say it has to break down, by definition, otherwise it would be an identity and not an analogy) - so it is best not to look to tie things out so nice and neat; real literature, like real life, is a little bit messier ... and richer. And that is not really my methodology anyway - I look for clusters of images traveling together, resonating organically off of each other, and resonating also with traditions. But, if one does want to look for tighter connections (and if one has thrown up one's hands at the whole thing of the wood on Isaac and the wand in Voldy's hand and asked "so Voldy is Harry's father like Abe is Isaac's? What are you smoking?"). Dumbledore knew a lot of things, he probably knew Voldy would wind up seeking and finding that wand of elder wood, and from his own hands, even if they were dead when he took it, and we know from Snape's memory that DD sent Harry to receive Voldy's AK from that wand, to have that wood of his own death "laid across his back" as it were (meaning there also the image of a whip on the back, a scourging). Dumbledore has been very much a father figure to Harry, and in effect laid that wood on his back. Of course it was Voldy who applied it ... but look at Dumbledore's comments in "King's Cross" - his grief and heaviness when asking the question of the similarities in his own mission for the hallows and Voldy's mission.

Other things that are added in the history of interpreting the Akedah/Genesis 22 also ring in Rowling's tale here. In some later sources the element of a stone of sacrifice is added - like Harry walking with the resurrection stone. This seems to me a particularly strong resonance, especially in the context of this present post, since it is the resurrection stone that creates the situation of which I spoke in this post, of the communion of saints within the cloak ... want another nice little connection? In the Targums [Aramaic translations of the Hebrew Scriptures], the connection of the mountain of "Moriah" with the mount of the Jerusalem Temple is drawn out more, including the cloud and fire of the Shekinah of the later Temple AND Abraham is looking into Isaac's eyes and does not see what Isaac sees looking up - angels, connected with the angels believed to guard the Temple sanctuary ... just as only Harry can see his parents and Lupin and Sirius, the protectors.

Now, lest I seem to be making a mountain out of a molehill - This passage, the Akedah/Genesis 22 is a very important passage for the three largest religions of the world: Judaism, Christianity and Islam. It is especially relevant in the issue of religious identity. Muslims believe it was Ishmael who ascended the mount with Abraham. Jews believe the merits won in the Akedah obedience provided a guarantee of mercy for all of Isaac's descendants (this is worked in in the Targums in a prayer on the part of Abraham). The author of 2nd Maccabees saw in the story of Isaac a model with which to connect the martyrdom of those who would not defile the name of the Holy One, Blessed be He, under pressure from Antiochus Epiphanes (pressure to eat pork, defiling the dietary laws etc). Christian Patristic writers and others emphasized that Abraham's obedience lay in the fact that it was identity itself that he was willing to sacrifice (the continuance of his name in legitimate descendants through Isaac ... and for an echo of the role of names and descendants, male and female, in identity cf the comments of Ron/Hermione on certain wizarding lines being "extinct in the male line" ... this is standard "boiler-plate" language of geneological identity matters and it feeds directly into the mystery of Riddle as a descendant of Slytherin through the Gaunt line). Even down to modernity ... the book I was taking a break from reading was Soren Kierkegaard's (19th century) Fear and Trembling, a classic of contemporary existentialist philosophy - all about Abraham going to sacrifice Isaac. And as for the present day, I'll just close with the lines from Bob Dylan (my old fall-back) with which the translator of Kierkegaard's FnT opened his forward to the work (from "Highway 61 Revisited" - and also current, the movie "The Hunted" with Tommy Lee Jones and Benicio Del Toro featured a page torn from a Bible with Genesis 22 on it and a Johnny Cash cover of the Dylan song):

"God said to Abraham, 'kill me a son,'
Abe said, 'Man, you must be puttin me on'
God said, 'you can do what you want , Abe,
but next time you see me comin' you better run'

Abe said, 'Where you want this killin' done?'
God said, 'Do it out on Highway 61'"

(I was walking through the reference section of the library with an armful of several volumes of Kittel's Dictionary of the New Testament, on my way to the copy room, and out of the corner of my eye, on a shelf I see "the Bob Dylan Encyclopedia" - so I look up Highway 61 because I had just learned from a girl in our program who is from Minnesota, that Highway 61 in MN runs right past Duluth, Dylan's [or I should say Zimmerman's] home town - but this guy also noted the symbolic nature of Highway 61 - It runs north-south from Canadian Border to Mississippi River Delta by way of Memphis and is standardly seen as symbolic of African American musical/cultural migration, as opposed to Route 66, which is standardly viewed as the east-west symbol of white migration in different periods of US history)

Wood, Knives, Stones, Angels seen and unseen, Fathers and Sons, Death "in/by his hand," Promises of Identity, a Via Dolorosa ("way of the rose" = "way/walk of sorrow/to death"), A Son willingly dying (in the Targums Isaac asks Abraham to bind him tightly and well, lest in a moment of panic he kick out and make Abraham's sacrifice profane and he himself be sent down into the pit of destruction ... the pleasant feeling and how everything automatically appears to meet Harry's needs in the King's Cross chapter suggests he has definitely not "gone down into Sheol" as it were) ... All just some food for thought.
posted by merlin at 12:36 AM
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Sunday, November 04, 2007

Interesting Intersections

I have absolutely nothing new to write (including the whole current "hot-topic," - I never got around to writing that comment I talked about ... well actually I did do a form of it that is way too cluttered in its present state and I would not put it up without some serious editing, it's not even quite a "rough draft" really, more of a big box into which you dump all of the stuff from which you would create a rough draft if you had the time), this is just absolute trivial miscellany, but fun nonetheless.

I was picking around on Rowling's website, looking at some stuff I had never really noticed before, like spell definitions etc, and on that page of "Extra Stuff" I noticed that one of the things pinned to the bulletin-board is a concert ticket for the band ColdPlay (I'm almost positive that it's a concert ticket, but hard to be sure at that size in flash, even tried print-screening it into adobe and enlarging but no real benefit). Anyway, a long time ago I referred to some lyric material from Johnny Cash in analogy to things Potter, talking about Cash as a sort of country mystic whose work enfleshed some similar themes as the Potter works. Interesting that Rowling likes ColdPlay because on their Album X&y they have a 13th track called "Kingdom Come" - really good. They wrote it for Johnny Cash to sing, and had even gone into the studio with Cash's producer Rick Rubin and recorded all of the music ... Cash died about a week before he was scheduled to come in and record the vocals. So, I thought that was an interesting confluence of tastes/interests in music.

Oh, but I did see the news on the issue with the Vanderark project ... which was kind of a sad moment. I hope they get it all resolved. Seems like a grey area to me but I can see Rowling's point. I think Vanderark could do some stuff legitimately in the "non-grey" area, IE interpretation/critique - particularly the stuff he had at Lumos in 06 on "Wizarding logic" and "Jo Logic" - but you really have to be doing your own work, or rather making your own statement (such as "It is my thesis that the way magic functions in the world of Harry Potter indicates a shift in emphasis, away from materialism and towards reality as more relationally defined" - but I'm not sure that is not more my own read of his material he presented there - would have to go back and look at the Lumos stuff, which I haven't time to do at present, I think it is there at least latently in his material, just can't remember if he drew that particular point of relationality etc, I do think I clearly remember him saying that apparition and port-keys make it such that no matter where you live, you get to Hogwarts by going to platform 9 and 3/4 and get on the express because that is how students get to Hogwarts - in any event, I am not planning to publish on it so I don't have to work out which is whose and how much to credit in text or in citation etc) ... but that is not really the draw for the publishers. Theirs seems to be a pretty distinct, and understandable draw (meaning the draw is understandable, while doing the actual thing may not be) ... given how many people use the HP Lexicon, a print version of the apparatus of being able to find all the text references to a particular character etc in one place would probably turn a pretty penny. On Vanderark's side, he has done a lot of work in the HP Lexicon. Still a grey area I guess: I would still probably grant the argument to Rowling (Warner Bros I am less sure about, that is pretty much a money-grubbing world where I have a hard time conceding terms like "right" to such conglomorations, but ... whatever), but I would love to see Vanderark with some way to be compensated concretely for what has obviously been a lot of hard work (that's why I was saying, if he were writing his own critique stuff, which I think from his talk he at least might have some stuff there ... he's already done a HUGE amount of what is more like "taxonomy" research, it would be a great way to turn the research into something unarguably legitimately gainful). Anyway, I hope they work something out.
posted by merlin at 4:07 PM
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Tuesday, October 30, 2007

Eeyore Moving On

I was poking around old sites I used to haunt more often, recently looking to see what anybody is saying about Rowling's now-famous comments in the Q&A session on October 19, 2007 in Carnegie hall here in NYC (and I am decidedly not entering the fray on this one, accept in one comment to this post, and owing to possible various levels/ages of readership and the sensitive nature of the matter and a belief in the rights of parents to be the ones who talk to their kids about these types of things I will not be naming the content ... I can quite easily state what I think are pertinent points about the debate itself, bullets point style, without doing so ... but for a decent discussion of the matter there are recent posts and comments on John Granger's site, www.hogwartsprofessor.com ... although I find some of his content, not really "leaning in directions I am not comfortable with" as much as over examining areas of the event etc that I don't think are as at the real heart of the matter- but I still think, as my own opinion and not necessarily that of this site, not wishing to make claims for the site as a whole, that Granger gives a pretty fair discussion of the matter).

In doing so I poked onto Eeyore's reflections and noted a post from October 1st in which she states she is sort of stepping down, meaning leaving the main fray of controversies surrounding the quality of Deathly Hallows (meaning controversies before the October 19th comments by Rowling, as this post cam, as I said, on October 1 - as described below, the controversies largely surrounded dissatisfaction with book 7 and an ensuing campaign of fanfcition, I guess to try to supplant the "official story" or some such thing) and and maybe just posting up some remaining notes she has in the margins from several readings of Deathly Hallows. Having not frequented web discussion much myself in the past year or so (outside of some writings of my own, best described as "OCB [obsessive compulsive behavior] pre-release jitters," just before the release of book 7), I can totally understand and respect Pat's sadness, expressed in the post, and her move (although she has links to her live-journal on her blog and so she may be pasoting there some to in the future). I have not always agreed with her reading of things in the works, but I have always thought she was a good and fair commentator. ... and I agree heartily with her: Deathly Hallows is a great book and a great finale to a great saga of a story.

I wish I was a good enough writer to put into words the thoughts that are in my head regarding fan-fiction (one of the main areas of unrest for Pat), but I will be doing above par to get the relevant base materials from which they are currently built into the course papers in which they belong in readable form by the end of the semester. So let me begin by making a confession ... I wrote a fanfic once. The reason nobody has seen it on this site is quite simple: I utterly, unapologetically and without any shadow of doubt, ABSOLUTELY, and probably irrevocably, SUCK as a fiction plot/dialog writer.

BUT, my main point is neither to support the genre as one I have dabbled (if one can call it even that) in, nor my aforementioned supreme suckiness at creative writing. My point is what that piece was to me. A central "incident" Pat writes about is somebody making a fanfic where Snape survives and He and Harry reconcile and do great things together in the new and improve, voldy-free, world. I guess this was done emphatically as a sort of "rebuttal" to what the author considered to be the supreme poorness of Rowling's final installment. As I said, or as a corollary, I agree with Pat on the Snape trajectory in the series and on how Rowling handled it really well in keeping with the character as built in the first six books (that final look in the eyes ... what was in it? you know there is some reconciliation, but to what degree? ... Severus Snape: while, I think, "redeemed" in the final book, still every bit as inscrutable and enigmatic in death as he was in life).

But beyond this, there is the question of what this fanfic means. I have been reading a lot recently of medieval Jewish exegesis known as "Rabbah" works, compendium of classical rabbinic commentary arranged by scripture passage and book (I am, for this course, particularly studying Genesis Rabbah, probably 6th Century AD/CE, on the "Akedah," the "binding of Isaac" in Genesis 22). The thing about a work like BR (Bereshit [Hebrew of "Genesis"] Rabbah). There is alot (and I mean A LOT) that could be discussed on the relation of this type of compendium of Rabbinic literature to "alternate stories" such as what fanfic is in its best instances, so I will try not to digress. The main point is that many times the Rabbis material explanations of anomalies (and sometimes things that are anomalous to their way of thinking but you and I would go "what is strange about that?") This, however, does not cause the reader/compiler to doubt for one second the validity/authority of the respective Rabbis who are being quoted. Theirs is a different perspective from ours, and one that is not damaged by what we in our scientific mindset call "mutually exclusive facts" (the old, and much prefered, word for these types of incongruities is, precisely, much prefered not only by those like myself, but GK Chesterton was also VERY fond of it - "paradox").

Now, a second